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The UN has been deploying military personnel for service in peace operations since 1948 when the Security Council authorized the deployment of UN military observers to the Middle East to monitor the Armistice Agreement between Israel and its Arab neighbours. UN military personnel can be called upon to: Protect civilians and UN personnel. The Canadian Joint Task Force Two training pipeline is open to all male and female officers and enlisted personnel of the Canadian Armed Forces, subject to certain criteria. JTF 2 training seeks to attract determined, highly-motivated, intelligent, reliable and physically fit individuals to serve with the Canadian Joint Task Force Two.

Users wishing to rely upon this information should consult directly with the source of the information. Content provided by external sources is not subject to official languages, privacy and accessibility requirements.This standard are guidelines intended to assist passenger vessel operators with planning and executing a successful voyage in Canada’s Arctic.

Required stepsThis section is divided into three parts:.Each section will provide detailed information on the required steps a passenger vessel operator (hereafter simply ‘operator') and/or Designated Vessel Representative (DVR) must take before starting a voyage in the Canadian Arctic. Federal government requirements Required stepsTo assist with the process of planning passenger vessel operations in the Canadian Arctic, it is recommended that the DVR and/or operator contact all relevant government departments and agencies as early as possible.

12-18 months prior to voyage Transport Canada, Prairie and Northern Region, Marine Safety and Security This regional office is familiar with Canada’s Arctic shipping regime and is responsible for ensuring operational compliance with applicable acts and regulations. The DVR or operator should provide this office with a general vessel itinerary or voyage plan, including the particulars of the vessel (e.g. Ice class) to help determine whether the voyage falls within the allowable entry limits of Canada’s Shipping Safety Control Zones. The DVR or operator must be able to show that the vessel complies with all applicable regulations so that Transport Canada may verify compliance if requested. Workers Coverage or Exemption – (Workers Safety and Compensation Commission (WSCC)) Passenger vessels are generally exempt from coverage by the WSCC. Coverage is only required if the vessel is flagged in Nunavut, the vessel's owners are based in Nunavut or if workers will be onshore for extended periods of time. WSCC to receive a 'WSCC Cruise Ship Determination' letter.

Consent to public disclosure of tourism information – (EDT) Requirement to be listed in the Government of Nunavut's publicly available database of tourism operators, outfitters, and establishments. Information is circulated to community contacts to allow residents and local committees to prepare for upcoming tourism season.

Pre-trip economic benefit reports – (EDT) Pre-trip form should estimate the expected ship expenditures for each planned community visit. Archaeology and paleontological site visitation permit (Class 1) (Dept. Of Culture and Heritage) A Class 1 permit is a ‘non-intervention permit' that strictly prohibits any disturbance of a site - essentially a ‘look but do not touch' permit. Application is forwarded to the Inuit Heritage Trust (IHT) , who reviews, translates, and forwards the applications to communities along the planned itinerary. The assessment is returned to the IHT, who forwards the application to the Department of Culture and Heritage for final approval.

Allow for a minimum of 90 days for application to be processed. 3-4 months prior to voyage Territorial parks use permit (Dept. Of Environment – Parks & Special Places Division) Required for groups of 10 or more people intending to access any Nunavut Park. It requires a brief project description.

May require community support from the local hamlet office, Hunters and Trappers Organization (HTO) or Community Lands and Resources Committee (CLARC) and may require comprehensive liability insurance – minimum coverage $2 million. Firearms park use permit (PUP) (Dept. Of Environment - Parks & Special Places Division) An application for a PUP must be submitted by each individual requesting approval to carry a firearm in a territorial park. Applications must include legible photocopies of the applicant's licence to possess firearms, legal registration of the firearm(s) and proof of completion of a firearms safety course. A PUP only authorizes the use of a firearm for the emergency protection of park users from dangerous wildlife (see ).

Wildlife Observation Licence (Dept. Of Environment – Wildlife Division) Required if the intent is to film, photograph or otherwise observe wildlife anywhere in Nunavut, an activity description is required.

1 month prior to voyage Fishing Licence (Dept. Of Environment – Wildlife Division) Provide a complete list of individuals who will require a fishing licence for processing. Individual fishing licences are required for passengers and/or staff members. Post-voyage Post-Trip Economic Benefit reports – (EDT) List the actual level of expenditures in each community visited. Review and complete any reporting requirements listed on any of the permits or licences received.

It is to be submitted 30 days after the voyage ends. Northwest Territories (NWT) and the Inuvialuit Settlement Region (ISR) 9-12 months prior to voyage Community consultationContact each community you are interested in visiting. For new operators, a best practice is to develop a working relationship by visiting each community during the planning phase. Proof of consultation will be required as part of the Environmental Impact Screening Committee process (EISC). The (EDO) is a good first point of contact. 6-8 months prior to voyageComplete the EISC process as found in the EISC Guidelines.

Assessment and consultative process of environmental impacts related to any commercial development/activities in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. 4 months prior to voyage Tourism operator's licence NWT Department of Tourism, Industry and Investment (TII) Licence to conduct commercial, guided tourism activities in the Northwest Territories per the Tourism Act.

The complete application package will undergo a consultation process. The Tourism Officer, Beaufort Delta Regional ITI Office (by telephone at 867-777-7196). Archaeological and heritage site permits (Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre for NWT) Permit to conduct commercial activities in Northwest Territories archaeological sites per the Archaeological Sites Regulations. The complete application package will undergo a consultation process. Will depend on the location (area) and scope of the project. 3 months prior to voyage Land use application (Inuvialuit lands administration) Permit to conduct commercial activities on private Inuvialuit lands.

The complete application package will undergo a consultation process. Inuvialuit Lands Administration by telephone at 867-977-7100. 2 months prior to voyage Entrance requirements into territorial parks and wildlife sanctuaries (NWT Northern Parks & Sites Establishment) Permit to conduct commercial activities in the Northwest Territories per the Parks Act. The complete application package will undergo a consultation process. Contact the parks manager, Beaufort Delta Regional TII Office (by telephone at 867-777-7196). Business licence for community access GNWT Municipal and Community Affairs (MACA) A licence is required for each community being accessed, as per the Business Act.

The complete application package will undergo a consultation process. All cruise ship communities in the NWT issue their own Business Licences. Please the appropriate Hamlet office. Post-voyageReview and complete any reporting requirements listed on all permits or licenses received. Yukon TerritoryPlease the Yukon Government directly to determine what permits and authorizations may be needed for a passenger ship visit.General Inquiries Line - 867-667-5811 or 867-667-5812Email - Land claim agreements RequirementsOperators and DVRs must be aware that most waterways in the Canadian Arctic are subject to comprehensive Land Claims Agreements. These agreements include regulatory processes. Several of these agreements between the Government of Canada and Inuit or First Nations have established independent co-management boards for land use planning, environmental screening, land/water licensing and fish and wildlife management.These processes may need to be satisfied before the government can grant or issue licences, permits or approvals required for passenger vessel operations.

These permits and other approvals are not valid until verified and reviewed by the Nunavut Impact Review Board (Nunavut) and the Environmental Impact Screening Committee (Northwest Territories). Operators and DVRs must build enough time for these processes in their overall permitting timelines.It is therefore highly recommended that operators or DVRs contact Land Claim Administrators very early in the planning process to determine what steps need to be followed. Most Canadian Arctic communities welcome visitors, provided they are contacted well-in-advance and have a chance to prepare for visitors.Permissions and licences to access Inuit owned lands, administered by Regional Inuit associations are required in Nunavut. Before any deposit of waste in local landfills can occur, permission must be granted by the local hamlet and the Territorial Governments.A current list of Land Claims Agreements in the Canadian Arctic can be found in. For the purposes of this document, the focus is limited to those agreements that encompass Canada's Arctic coastlines. If an operator or DVR is planning activities in-land, they should refer to the map found in to find out if any other Land Claim Agreements may apply.

Nunavut Land Claims Agreement (NLCA)The Nunavut Land Claims Agreement was signed in 1993 and covers about 45 per cent of the Canadian Arctic (refer to - The NLCA is the rust-coloured area shown on the map). For vessels planning to visit Nunavut, applications must be filed with the Nunavut Planning Commission (NPC).The NPC will determine whether the proposed cruise conforms to any applicable land use plans (note: marine areas are included in land use plans) and whether the proposal requires screening (impact assessment) by the Nunavut Impact Review Board (NIRB). Should screening be required, the NPC will forward the project proposal and associated determinations to the NIRB at the conclusion of its process.The NPC and NIRB each have up to 45 days to administer their respective processes, not including any additional time taken to address information deficiencies. In most cases, vessels planning to access cultural, heritage or other conservation areas are considered ‘projects' under the (NuPPAA) and will require submission of applications to both the NPC and the NIRB).

Government departments and agencies will be prohibited from issuing required permits, licences and approvals until the NPC and NIRB processes have successfully concluded.Where required, the NPC and NIRB processes must be completed before all federal and territorial permits issued for activities within the Nunavut Settlement Area will be valid. The NIRB’s screening process involves a public consultation period and requires submission of supporting information in English and Inuktitut/Innuinnaqtun.For more details on the NPC and NIRB processes, please see the NuPPAA.

The NPC process can take up to 45 days, and the NIRB process can take an additional 45 days to complete. These timelines are based on the NPC and NIRB receiving complete application packages from operators. Complete application packages can be very lengthy, so allow enough time to work through the application and provide all information required. Missing information and documents will cause delays and extend the timelines above. Inuvialuit Final Agreement (IFA)In 1984, the Inuvialuit Final Agreement (IFA) was the first comprehensive land claim agreement signed north of the 60th parallel and covers approximately 20 per cent of the Canadian Arctic (refer to - The IFA is the bright blue-coloured area shown on the map).Under the IFA, six (6) co-management regimes were established as stewards of the land and environment. For DVRs and operators planning to transit Inuvialuit Settlement Region (ISR) waters, or visit ISR sites of interest, or visit ISR communities, the Environmental Impact Screening Committee (EISC) is the gate-keeper under the IFA and must be contacted. The file must be opened, and the EISC process must be satisfied before any licences or permits will be issued by the regulatory bodies.

Environmental Impact Screening Committee (EISC)The EISC mandate falls under the Inuvialuit Final Agreement (IFA), Section 11(36), which states, “no license or approval shall be issued that would have the effect of permitting any proposed development to proceed unless the provisions of IFA, Section 11(36) have been complied with.”Part of this compliance requires authorities to give notice of applications for licences, permits, or other authorizations, to the EISC. All applications for proposed development (including cruise ship operations) must be reviewed by the EISC to determine if they are subject to an environmental impact screening. As part of the broader environmental impact screening and review process, the EISC is required to fulfill its roles and responsibilities in a reasonable and efficient manner, in accordance with the requirements of the IFA. The IFA requires the environmental impact screening process to consider two points:. If a proposed development could have a significant negative environmental impact; and. If any development, likely to cause a negative environmental impact, could have a significant negative impact on present or future wildlife harvesting.Operators must open a file on the EISC registry at least 150 days before the start of their voyage.

It is highly recommended that the operator or DVR contact the EISC coordinator prior to opening the file, as the coordinator is in the best position to help manage a file. Operators must submit their itinerary and plans to the Joint Secretariat at least 120 days before the start of their voyage.

These details will be sent to the EISC for review. If the committee deems the project to have potential, significant environmental impacts, it will send the project to the Environmental Impact Review Board (EIRB) for further assessment and review.Part of the EIRB process includes inviting the public to take part in an environmental review process of the proposed project. This can happen a number of ways, including holding public hearings. If public hearings are held, they usually occur in the community most affected by the proposed project. After gathering information, the EIRB prepares a final report with its recommendations to be submitted to the federal authority. The federal authority will choose to accept, alter, or reject these recommendations.

No permit or licence shall be issued without final approval. Vessels that are not carrying fare-paying passengers (i.e., Pleasure Craft) are exempt from the screening process above. Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement (NILCA)The Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement covers the southern portion of Hudson Strait, including Ungava Bay, Manse Island and wraps around the eastern coastline of Hudson Bay into James Bay near the community Chisasibi, Quebec. (Refer to - The NILCA is the bright pink-coloured area shown on the map.)This Land Claims Agreement established the Nunavik Marine Region Planning Commission (NMRPC), which its mandate is to develop policies and priorities for the Nunavik Marine Region (NMR).

Whenever possible, the NMRPC adopts and uses the same by-laws and rules as the NPC. If you are planning a voyage in this area, please contact the NMRPC for details on permits, authorizations and processes. Some of the islands in Hudson Strait are also jointly managed by Nunavut and Nunavik. The NIRB and NMRIRB have an MOU in place which allows for coordination of projects which occur near the respective borders of each jurisdiction or in both areas. If screening by both the NMRIRB and NIRB is required, some level of coordination will be sought. Eeyou Marine Region Land Claims Agreement (EMRLCA)The Eeyou Marine Region Land Claims Agreement covers the offshore area of Eeyou Istchee (refer to - The NILCA is the area outlined in brown shown on the map). This area, known as the Eeyou Marine Region (EMR), is an area that has traditionally been occupied and used by the Cree.This agreement established the Eeyou Marine Region Impact Review Board (EMRIRB) , which is mandated to protect and promote the existing and future well-being of the residents in the EMR and to protect the ecosystem of the EMR.

When planning a voyage in this area, please contact the EMRIRB, as soon as possible, to discuss your plans. Your planned activities may need to go through a review and consultation process, which can take several weeks to complete. Labrador Inuit Land Claims Agreement (LILCA)The Nunatsiavut Government Lands Division is responsible for managing use and access to Labrador Inuit Lands. Labrador Inuit Lands are defined within the Labrador Inuit Land Claims Agreement (refer to - The LILCA is the orange area shown on the map).The agreement defines who may access Labrador Inuit Lands, for what purposes, and under what conditions. The Lands Division is in the process of creating a lands administration system to ensure compliance with the agreement, and to safeguard against the inappropriate use of the land and resources. Operators or DVRs are encouraged to contact the Lands Division for more details.

Basic Corrosion eCourse. This Online course covers a basic but thorough review of causes of corrosion and the methods by which corrosion is identified, monitored, and controlled. Active participation is encouraged through hands-on experiments, case studies, and open discussion format. This course covers a basic but thorough review of causes of corrosion and the methods by which corrosion is identified, monitored, and controlled. Active participation is encouraged through hands-on experiments, case studies, and open discussion format. Basic corrosion course answers.

Yukon Land Claims AgreementsThere are currently 11 individual Land Claims Agreements in the Yukon. The (IFA) covers the Yukon's North Slope, which stretches from Alaska through to the Northwest Territories and includes the northernmost part of the Yukon mainland, as well as the adjacent Beaufort Sea and it's near and far-shore islands.The Environmental Impact Screening Committee (EISC) reviews projects that will occur in the Yukon's North Slope. Refer to the Inuvialuit Agreement section for more details. The Yukon Environmental and Socio-Economic Assessment Board (YESAB) may have to review a project or activity before the regulators can issue permits and authorizations. Please YESAB directly to determine if your planned voyage must complete this review process. Best management practicesThe following section contains information that operators and DVRs of passenger vessels are voluntarily encouraged to adhere to during voyage planning and operations in the Canadian Arctic. These best management practices were identified during consultations with representatives of Canadian Arctic communities and other stakeholders, and are in addition to the mandatory regulatory requirements discussed in the previous sections.In addition, the Government of Nunavut has developed a separate Code of Conduct for vessel operators and visitors.

While this document is written specific to Nunavut operations, much of the information provided is nevertheless applicable to other areas of the Canadian Arctic. Please refer to for more information on this document.

Community engagement and cultural sensitivityThe arrival of a vessel (passenger or otherwise) is a big occasion for residents in Canadian Arctic communities. However, surprise arrivals can be like guests appearing unannounced on one's doorstep. Therefore, please contact the communities you plan to visit in advance so they can prepare accordingly. For example:. Depending on what activities are planned, a community may need to bring in extra food and supplies by sealift or air.

Ample time is also needed to plan activities and cultural presentations, and to train community volunteers.Community members often welcome visitors and enjoy the opportunity to share their hospitality, culture and knowledge of the Arctic. Life in many communities still involves traditional activities; hunting, fishing and eating 'country foods'. It is therefore important that visitors be respectful and culturally sensitive of these activities and the people who live them daily.

Length of community visitsWhen planning a visit to a community, it is important to consider the number of planned activities and presentations, the mobility of passengers, and the travel time between locations within a community to determine the appropriate amount of time needed for each visit. Additional best-management practicesOver the last decade, steps have been taken by the cruise industry to develop and use best management practices to address many elements of their operations.

Best management practices have been developed on a wide variety of topics, including:. Safety;. Security;.

Health;. Environmental Stewardship;. Crew Training;. Community Relations and;. Wildlife Interactions.Specifically, significant guidelines, resources and tools on best management practices have been developed. Operators and DVRs are encouraged to contact the following two organizations, both of whom have been heavily involved in the development of best management practices for passenger vessels and expedition vessels operating in the Arctic Region, respectively:. ) is an international association that supports policies and practices that foster a safe, secure, healthy and sustainable cruise ship environment and that is dedicated to promoting the cruise travel experience.

is an international association for expedition cruise ship operators operating in the Arctic. AECO is dedicated to promoting responsible, environmentally friendly and safe tourism in the Arctic and strives to set the highest possible operating standards.Regulatory roles and responsibilities by federal governmentThe is the principal piece of legislation governing the safety of marine transportation and recreational boating and the protection of the marine environment in Canada, including in the Arctic. Under this Act Transport Canada and the Canadian Coast Guard cooperate closely, though with each having their own specific areas of responsibility. Transport CanadaTransport Canada's Arctic shipping responsibilities include, though are not limited to marine safety, vessel pollution prevention and maritime security. More specifically, to help fulfill these overall responsibilities, Transport Canada oversees Arctic-specific regulations focused on:.

Vessel reporting;. Vessel design;. Equipment carriage;. Vessel-ice interaction;.

Crew training;. Communications;. On-board procedures and operations; and. Protection of the marine environment.Marine Safety and Pollution Prevention(ASSPPR)Key features of the ASSPPR include:. Incorporating the content of International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (the Polar Code) developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). In addition, Transport Canada Marine Safety will review a vessel's planned itinerary, route and documentation to confirm the vessel meets these and other regulatory requirements.

This information should be submitted to the Transport Canada Marine Safety and Security Office in Winnipeg at least six (6) months in advance.Further, if a Port State Control (PSC) inspection has not been carried out within six months of arriving in Canada, or if significant defects have been reported, a PSC inspection may be arranged at the vessel's first Canadian port of call. All Marine Safety Inspectors, Canadian Coast Guard Commanding Officers and Chief Engineers on icebreakers are designated Pollution Prevention Officers. In the event of an oil or another type of spill, they are empowered to conduct an on-site investigation.

Ice operation methodologiesUnder the Zone/Date System, Canadian Arctic waters are divided into sixteen distinct Shipping Safety Control Zones which identify earliest and latest entry dates for each zone corresponding to specific categories of vessels based on historical ice conditions, with Zone 1 assigned the most severe ice conditions, and Zone 16 the least.A vessel may operate outside of these predetermined zones and dates if the vessel uses either AIRSS or POLARIS and adheres to their respective operating criteria. Both AIRSS and POLARIS are designed to be a more dynamic and ‘real-time' operating regime, compared to the more tactical Zone/Date System which is better suited for voyage planning purposes. Operators should refer to the Arctic Ice Regime Shipping System (AIRSS) Standard (TP 12259) for additional information on how to use both AIRSS and POLARIS.Applying the Zone/Date System requires familiarity with Schedules 1 and 2 of the (ASSPPR) and the contents of the. Excerpts of this information can be found within the Appendices to this document, specifically: To understand how to apply the Zone/Date System, the following information is required:. – Shipping Safety Control Zone Map. – ASSPPR Schedule 1.

– ASSPPR Schedule 2Ice navigator requirementsIn accordance with the ASSPPR, vessels between 300-500 GT that choose to operate outside of the Zone/Date System must have onboard a qualified Ice Navigator. Moreover, masters, chief mates and officers in charge of a navigational watch onboard vessels 500 GT and above operating in the Canadian Arctic must meet either the basic or advanced training requirements set out by the STCW Convention and Code.

DND and the CAF share a unique relationship in the Government of Canada; DND/CAF have complementary roles to play in:

• Providing advice and support to the Minister of National Defence, and;
• Implementing Government decisions regarding the defence of Canadian interests at home and abroad.

In most respects, DND is an organization like other departments of the Government of Canada. It is established by a statute, the National Defence Act, which sets out the Minister of National Defence’s responsibilities, including the Minister’s responsibility for both the Department and the CAF. In other words, DND exists to carry out the work assigned to the Minister of National Defence, so the department's relationship with the CAF is that of a support system.

Under the National Defence Act, the CAF are an entity separate and distinct from the Department. The CAF are headed by the Chief of the Defence Staff, Canada’s senior serving military officer, and are comprised of the Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Army, and the Royal Canadian Air Force. The Chief of the Defence Staff is responsible for the conduct of military operations of all three components of the CAF, and to ensure that the CAF is always ready to carry out the tasks that Parliament assigns through the Minister of National Defence.